Understanding Depression

Practical information and support for low mood, loss of motivation and emotional wellbeing

Depression is more than having a difficult day or occasionally feeling sad. It can affect mood, motivation, energy, thinking, relationships and the ability to manage everyday activities.

People experience depression differently. Some may notice persistent sadness or hopelessness, while others experience irritability, emotional numbness, exhaustion, difficulty concentrating or loss of interest in things they usually enjoy.

Depression can develop for many reasons, and there is rarely one single cause. Life experiences, stress, physical health, relationships, loss, trauma and biological factors can all play a role.

When low mood or other symptoms become persistent or begin to interfere with everyday life, support can help you understand what is happening and explore practical ways forward.

Common Signs of Depression

Persistent low mood or sadness

Loss of interest or enjoyment

Feeling hopeless or emotionally numb

Irritability or frustration

Difficulty concentrating or making decisions

Low energy or fatigue

Changes in sleep

Changes in appetite

Withdrawing from others

Reduced motivation for everyday activities

When Depression Becomes a Problem

Depression can become more difficult to manage when symptoms begin to persist, increase in intensity, or interfere with everyday life.

This may include withdrawing from others, struggling to complete usual responsibilities, losing interest in activities, finding it difficult to care for yourself, or feeling increasingly hopeless or disconnected.

For some people, depression can also affect work, study, relationships, sleep, appetite and physical wellbeing. When this happens, support can help you better understand what may be contributing to the depression and explore practical ways forward.

How Counselling Can Help

Understanding patterns, triggers and contributing factors

Developing practical coping strategies

Rebuilding routines, motivation and confidence

Challenging unhelpful thinking patterns

Supporting emotional regulation

Strengthening concentration, relationships and support

When to Seek Additional Support

It may be helpful to seek additional support if low mood, loss of motivation or other symptoms are becoming persistent, worsening, or beginning to interfere with everyday life, relationships, work, study or self-care.

Counselling can provide a supportive space to understand what may be contributing to depression and to develop practical ways forward. In some situations, speaking with your GP or another health professional may also be appropriate, particularly if symptoms are significantly affecting your wellbeing or daily functioning.

If you are experiencing thoughts of suicide or self-harm, feel unable to keep yourself safe, or are in immediate danger, please call 000 or use the crisis services listed on our Emergency Assistance page.

Emergency Assistance